Herbs

Ai Ye internally stops bleeding and warms the womb, externally used for moxibustion.

Ai Ye is burned in moxibustion to warm channels and expel cold.

Hu Zhang invigorates blood and clears toxins, used for joint pain and infections.

Bing Pian opens the orifices and awakens the mind, used in external pain formulas.

Bo He Nao cools and opens, relieving headaches and pain when applied externally.

Zhang Nao opens the orifices and treats pain externally, awakens mind as aromatic.

Yan Hu Suo is a primary pain-relief herb, treating various types of pain from stagnation.

Mo Yao moves blood for trauma and wounds, with antimicrobial properties for healing.

Ru Xiang moves blood and Qi, treating pain and inflammation throughout the body.

Niu Xi moves blood downward, treating lower back and knee pain while strengthening bones.